Educational Reformation in the 1830s

Education in the 1830s was greatly improved through the adaptation of tax-supported schools, which were first established in Pennsylvania in 1834 and later adopted by other states. However, the idea of tax-supported schools was not popular amongst the upper middle class or middle class because they were the ones paying for the education of the lower class. “ They saw no reason to support schools that their children, who were mostly enrolled in private schools, would not attend”. Innovative and educated Individuals like Horace Mann of Massachusetts played a large role in the adaptation and complete establishment of tax- supported schools later on in the mid- late 18^th century, as the first secretary of the board of education he established the first teacher-training programs and school curriculum's.

Great Awkening Revival scene

How did reforemers change the treatment of the mentally ill and prisoners?

" Prison reformers- Doretha Dix in her efforts on behalf of the mentally ill emphasized the idea of rehabilitation, treatment that might reform the sick or imprisoned person to a useful position in society. There was revivalist suggested, hope for everyone". Reformers used the revivalism to improve the mental health and physical illnesses of the imprisoned, which were no longer, accepted as members of society because of their current state. Reformers felt that these individuals deserved the same treatment as others in society because they were also children of the lord and deserved to be forgiven. Thus, Treatment of the mentally ill and prisoners was revolutionized through religious and spiritual sermons that promoted self-improvement, and individual responsibility for those seeking salvation.

(A) How did the great second great awakening revolutionize the American religious tradition?

The second great wakening revolutionized the American religious tradition through religious or spiritual gatherings known as revivals. Revivalism as it is stated in the text had been around since the late 18^th century, but did not grow in popularity with the American public until the early 19^th century, because its ideas and belief were non- traditional. Christian churches and sects were split on the revivalism and its non-Calvinistic views that emphasized “ individual responsibility for seeking salvation, and insisted that people could improve themselves and society”. Charles Finney was a great proponent in this religious revitalization that swept America in popularity during this period because through his religious sermons and intense revivals he was able to spread the message of salvation and self-improvement. Revivals were very intense and demanded complete repentance from individuals, who were expected to study the bible during the day and listen to religious sermons in the evening, as a way to allow individuals to examine their souls and repent for their sins.